仙客来，栽培，养护

仙客来原产希腊、叙利亚、黎巴嫩等地；现已广为栽培，成为一种普遍种植的鲜花，适合种植于室内花盆，冬季则需温室种植。

xiankelaihuaxingbiezhi，jiaoyanduomu，lanmanduozi， youdepinzhongyouxiangqi，guanshangjiazhihengao，tashiyiyupenzaiguanshang，kezhiyushineibuzhi，youqishiyizaijiatingzhongdianzhuiyuyouyangguangdejijia、shuzhuoshang。yinqizhuxingmeiguan、biezhi，huashengseyan，haiyoujuxiangweidepinzhong，shenshourenmenqinglai。

xiankelaixingxiwennuan，payanre，zailiangshuangdehuanjingxiahefuhanfuzhizhidefeiwoshazhirangtuzhongshengzhangzuihao。jiaonaihan，kenai0℃dediwenbuzhishoudong。qiujidaodi2nianchunjiweiqishengzhangjijie，xiajibanxiumian，dongjishiyideshengzhangwenduzai12~16℃zhijian，cujinkaihuashibuyingchaoguo18~22℃，0℃yishangzhizhujiangjinruxiumian，35℃yishangzhizhuyifulan、siwang，dongjikenaidiwen，dan5℃yixiazeshengzhanghuanman，huaseandan，kaihuashao。dongjibuchongeryanghuatanqiti，kecujinshengzhanghekaihua。zaishengzhangqi，yaoqiukongqishirunherizhaochongzudehuanjing。

bozhongfanzhishixiankelaifanzhichangyongdefangfazhiyi。xiankelaidezhongzixujingguorengongshoufenhoucainenghuode，zhongziyibanyu5yuefenchengshu，yingjishicaishou。xiankelaizhongzijiaoda，qianlizhongwei10gzuoyou，yibanfayalvwei85%~95%。weicujinzhongzifaya，boqiankejinzhongcuiya，yonglengshuijinzhong24hhuo30℃wenshuijinpao2~3h，ranhouqingxizhongzibiaomiandezhanzhewu，baoyushibuzhongcuiya，baochi1~2dwendu25℃，zhongzishaoweimengdongjikequchubozhong。bozhongshijianyibanzai9~10yuefen，yongputonghuapenbozhongjike。

bozhongtuzuihaoweifuhanfuzhizhideshazhirangtu，bingjingxishaiguoshaihoucainengshiyong。bozhongshixianzaipenzhongfanghaotu，yongpenhusatoushui，daishuiwanquanshenxiaquhou，lijijiangzhongziyi1~1.5cmdejulidianbodaopenzhong，bohoufutu0.5cm，binggaibolihuosuliaobomobaoshi，fangzai20~22℃debanyinchu。dangpentushaoganshi，yingyongjinpenfajintoushui，shipentujingchangbaochishirun，zhengchangqingkuangxia20dzuoyoujinengchumiao。dangyoumiaoyepianwanquanzhankaihou，kejinxingdi1ciyimiao。yimiaoshirengkeyongputonghuapen，pentutongbozhongtu，youmiaojuliyi3cmzuoyouweiyi，yizaihoulijiyongpenhusatoushui。yihouchangbaochimiaopenshirunjike。daiyoumiaoshengzhangchu3pianye，xiaoqiujingzhangdao5~6mmzhijingshi，yaojishifenzaishangpen。kezhijieyong9cmkoujingdexiaopendanzhuyizai。

pentuguoshaihouhunhepeizhi：an2chengfuyetu、2chengyuantu、5chengxihuangsha、1chengfushufenmopeizhi。yizaishiyaojinkenengdaixiaotuqiu，bingshizhiyutumianxiangping，yizaihousatoushui，fangzaishineiyangguangchu。youmiaohuifushengzhanghou，yingjishijiaoshuishifei。yibandaodi2niandongjijiunengkaihua。

xiankelaikuaijingbunengziranfenshengziqiu，yinerbunengxiangyibanqiugenhuahuineiyangfenqiufanzhi，xuyaorengongqiekuaifanzhi。yibanyu8yuexiaxunkuaijingjijiangmengdongshi，jiangkuaijingzidingbuzongqiefenchengjikuai，meikuaidouyingdaiyouyayan，jiangqiekoutuyicaomuhui，shaoweiliangganhou，jikefenzhiyuhuapennei，jingxinguanli，bujiujikezhanyekaihua。

chucizhiwai，xiankelaihaikeyicaiyongzuzhipeiyangdefangshilaifanzhi，yibankeyishiyonghuarui、kuaijing、yepian、youjingdeng，qizhong，yikuaijingdechenggonggenfanzhixiaolvzuigao。

xiankelaideyanghuguanlidazhifenwei5gejieduan：

1、苗期阶段

 diyipianyezizhangzu，zhenyechulushi，jiuyaoyizhi。dangyoumiaojuyou3~4pianyezishi，kezhongzaizhijing10cmdehuapenzhong，yihousuizhezhizhuzengda，zaihuanjiaodadehuapen，huanpenshijianzuichibukechaoguo6yuefen。ruguomiaoxiao，kerangqiliuzaixiaohuapenzhongguoxia。youmiaoyaozheyang。tianreshiyaojingchangsongtu、chucao、jiaoshui、shifei。

2、夏季保苗阶段

xiajiqiwengao，jibuliyuxiankelaishengzhang，yingyongjiangwenshebeijiangdihuanjingwendu，cainengshiqianquanduxia。weibimiangaowen，keyongliangcengzheyinwangzheyang，bingkongzhijiaoshui，tingzhishifei。

3、第一年开花阶段

 ruqiuhouhuifushengzhang，kezhubuzengjiajiaoshuiliang，shibofei。10yuezhongxunfangzaiyangguangchongzuchu。wenshikongqiyaoshirun。meiyueshifei2~3ci。12yuezhongxun~2yuechuyibanbuyongshifei，danruzaiwendujiaogaodehuanjingzhong，shifeikebutingzhi。yiban11yuekaishikaihua。

4、xiajiqiugenxiuyanjieduan

5yuehou，yepianzhujianfahuang，yingzhujiantingzhijiaoshui，shiqixiumian。zaiyeziquankuhou，yaofangzaidiwen、tongfenghuanjing，shiqiugenanquanduxia。yibanshijiangpenfangzailiangshuang、biyuchu。

5、第二年开花阶段

yanxiaguohou，lvejiaoshui，shiqiugenfusumengya。mengyahou，yongxinpeiyangtuhuanpen，qudiaofubaigenxi。zaiwenshineiyanghu，yue12yuekeyikaihua。kaihuahou，youjinruxiajiqiugenxiumianqi。xinfanzhidemiaoyiban11yuekaishikaihua。ruguozaixianleiqi，shiwendubaochi15℃~20℃，zaihualeiyuhuagengshangpen100mg/ldechimeisu，kecujinhuagengshenzhang、jiasukaihua。

haomahaixuboleshi，haohuayixuxihuaren。meilidehua，zhiyouzaixixinzhaoliaozhixia，cainengkaichugengjiajiaoyandehuaduo，yongyougengzhangdehuaji。